Kerberos Golden Ticket : Kerberos Golden Tickets Are Now More Golden Active Directory Security

Felix Leblanc

Monday, 6 September 2021

If you find one investigate it immediately and if necessary reset the KRBTGT password and get to the bottom of how the attack succeeded. For that we will purge all Kerberos tickets in memory and inject the new golden ticket.

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Golden Ticket attack is a famous technique of impersonating users on an AD domain by abusing Kerberos authentication.

Kerberos golden ticket. The command to generate a golden ticket with mimikatz is given above lets take a deeper look at all its options. The fact that the TGT is encrypted by the KRBTGT password hash and can be. One way to change the Golden Ticket is to change the Domain Functional Level.

The Golden Ticket is the Kerberos authentication token for the KRBTGT account a special hidden account with the job of encrypting all the authentication tokens for the DC. Over the last 6 months I have been researching forged Kerberos tickets specifically Golden Tickets Silver Tickets and TGTs generated by MS14-068 exploit code a type of Golden Ticket. The security of the Kerberos protocol is rooted in the use of shared secrets to encrypt and sign messages.

CERT-EU Golden Ticket Protection. Injecting the golden ticket. A Golden Ticket attack is when an attacker has complete and unrestricted access to an entire domain all computers files folders and most importantly the access control system itself.

Kerberos provides many benefits that help make authentication secure and convenient. Adversaries who have the KRBTGT account password hash may forge Kerberos ticket-granting tickets TGT also known as a golden ticketCitation. Key to this is that you need the hash for the KRBTGT account which exists in every Active Directory domain.

The TGT is only used to prove to the KDC service on the Domain Controller that the user was authenticated by another Domain Controller. But skilled attackers can exploit weaknesses in Kerberos to forge a golden ticket. TGTs with long lifetimes Any Kerberos ticket that exceeds your domain policy for maximum ticket lifetime is a clear sign that an attacker has exploited the Golden Ticket vulnerability.

Some of these secrets are known to the trusted third-party the Key Distribution Center KDC in Kerberos and clients but one in particular is known only to the KDC. Change the Active Directory Functional Level. Adversaries who have the KRBTGT account password hash may forge Kerberos ticket-granting tickets TGT also known as a golden ticket.

Many companies fail to upgrade the functional level as new versions come out so it is not unusual to see a SERVER 2008 or even 2003 Domain. AdSecurity Kerberos GT Aug 2015 Golden tickets enable adversaries to generate authentication material for any account in Active DirectoryCitation. I generated forged Kerberos tickets using Mimikatz Mimikatz Command Reference and MS14-068 exploits and logged the results.

The final test is to use this ticket. Thereafter we will test if we can read the administrative c share of the Domain Controller. The Kerberos Golden Ticket is a valid TGT Kerberos ticket since it is encryptedsigned by the domain Kerberos account KRBTGT.

Lets purge the currently cached Kerberos tickets first. Golden Ticket attacks can be carried out against Active Directory domains where access control is implemented using Kerberos tickets. Like Willy Wonkas chocolate factory a golden ticket in Active Directory grants the bearer unlimited access.

Despite the entertaining reference to Charlie and the Chocolate Factory a golden ticket attack is extremely dangerous. 1 Golden tickets enable adversaries. In most cases the krbtgt account password does not change from the moment of AD deployment and if the hash of this password falls into the hands of a hacker for example using mimikatz or similar utilities he can create his own Golden Ticket Kerberos bypassing the KDC and authenticating to any service in the AD domain using Kerberos.

The attacker has not only subverted normal authentication. Invoke-mimikatz this is the powershell function we get after loading Invoke-mimikatzps1 in the session and -Command is to specify a command. Kerberosgolden is the module name in mimikatz to generate golden tickets.

That Golden Ticket can then use a pass-the-hash technique to log into any account allowing attackers to move around unnoticed inside the. During an incredibly awesome talk at the Black Hat 2014 security conference in Las Vegas NV in early August Skip Duckwall Benjamin Delpy spoke about a method using Mimikatz to generate your own Kerberos tickets aka the Golden Ticket. As we all know Windows two famous authentications are NTLM and Kerberos in this article you will learn why this is known as persistence and.

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